Cultural Competency Tools

Kleinman's 8 questions

Kleinman's 8 questions provide a framework within which the provider can explore how a patient's culture influences the understanding of illness. It examines the health beliefs of a patient or client.

The questions in this framework are:

  1. What do you call your problem? What name does it have?
  2. What do you think caused your problem?
  3. Why do you think it started when it did?
  4. What does your sickness do to you? How does it work?
  5. How severe is your sickness? How long do you expect it to last?
  6. What do you fear most about your illness?
  7. What are the biggest problems that your illness has caused for you?
  8. What kind of treatment do you think you should receive? What are the most important results you hope to receive from treatment?



Kleinman's 8 Questions provide a
framework for healthcare providers to
examine the health beliefs of patients.